INFRA | SOFTWARE | HARDWARE
A transformer's KV cache is a four-dimensional tensor, and every compression trick — quantisation, eviction, cross-layer sharing, linear attention — attacks one of its axes. Here is the tour, and the cautionary tale of a tiny code model whose accuracy fell 20 points because a smoke test never exercised the one axis that bites.

A* is not a clever algorithm so much as Dijkstra plus a bet about the future. The same code becomes Dijkstra, greedy best-first, or A* depending on one term in the priority key — and admissibility is the single property that buys optimality.

Every modulation scheme is the same act — painting information onto a carrier — and they differ only in which property of the carrier you paint on. Plotted as a constellation, AM is a line, FM is a circle, and QAM is a grid.

Small, working simulations — drag the controls on the full pages, or just watch the previews cycle here. The selection rotates daily.